AMERICAN

 THEOLOGICAL

INQUIRY

THE ECUMENICAL CREEDS OF CHRISTENDOM

The Apostles’ Creed (Old Roman Form)

I believe in God the Father Almighty.  And in Jesus Christ his only Son our Lord, who was born of the Holy Spirit and the Virgin Mary; crucified under Pontius Pilate and buried; the third day he rose from the dead; he ascended into heaven, and sits at the right hand of the Father, from thence he shall come to judge the quick and the dead. And in the Holy Spirit; the holy Church; the forgiveness of sins; [and] the resurrection of the flesh.

 

The Nicæno-Constantinopolitan Creed

I believe in one God, the Father Almighty, Maker of heaven and earth, and of all things visible and invisible.

And in one Lord Jesus Christ, the only-begotten Son of God, begotten of His Father before all worlds, God of God, Light of Light, very God of very God, begotten, not made, being of one substance with the Father; by whom all things were made; who for us men, and for our salvation, came down from heaven, and was incarnate by the Holy Ghost of the Virgin Mary, and was made man, and was crucified also for us under Pontius Pilate; He suffered and was buried; and the third day He rose again, according to the Scriptures; and ascended into heaven, and sitteth on the right hand of the Father; and He shall come again with glory to judge both the quick and the dead; whose kingdom shall have no end.

And I believe in the Holy Ghost, the Lord and Giver of life, who proceedeth from the Father and the Son; who with the Father and the Son together is worshipped and glorified; who spake by the Prophets. And I believe in one holy Christian and apostolic Church. I acknowledge one Baptism for the remission of sins; and I look for the resurrection of the dead, and the life of the world to come. Amen.

 

The Athanasian Creed

Whoever desires to be saved must above all things hold to the catholic faith.  Unless a man keeps it in its entirety inviolate, he will assuredly perish eternally.

 Now this is the catholic faith, that we worship one God in trinity and trinity in unity,  without either confusing the persons, or dividing the substance.  For the Father's person is one, the Son's another, the Holy Spirit's another;  but the Godhead of the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit is one, their glory is equal, their majesty is co-eternal.

Such as the Father is, such is the Son, such is also the Holy Spirit.  The Father is uncreate, the Son uncreate, the Holy Spirit uncreate.  The Father is infinite, the Son infinite, the Holy Spirit infinite.  The Father is eternal, the Son eternal, the Holy Spirit eternal.  Yet there are not three eternals, but one eternal;  just as there are not three uncreates or three infinites, but one uncreate and one infinite.  In the same way the Father is almighty, the Son almighty, the Holy Spirit almighty;  yet there are not three almighties, but one almighty.

 Thus the Father is God, the Son God, the Holy Spirit God;  and yet there are not three Gods, but there is one God.  Thus the Father is Lord, the Son Lord, the Holy Spirit Lord;  and yet there are not three Lords, but there is one Lord.  Because just as we are compelled by Christian truth to acknowledge each person separately to be both God and Lord,  so we are forbidden by the catholic religion to speak of three Gods or Lords.

 The Father is from none, not made nor created nor begotten.  The Son is from the Father alone, not made nor created but begotten.  The Holy Spirit is from the Father and the Son, not made nor created nor begotten but proceeding.  So there is one Father, not three Fathers; one Son, not three Sons; one Holy Spirit, not three Holy Spirits.  And in this trinity there is nothing before or after, nothing greater or less,  but all three persons are co-eternal with each other and co-equal.  Thus in all things, as has been stated above, both trinity and unity and unity in trinity must be worshipped.  So he who desires to be saved should think thus of the Trinity.

 It is necessary, however, to eternal salvation that he should also believe in the incarnation of our Lord Jesus Christ.  Now the right faith is that we should believe and confess that our Lord Jesus Christ, the Son of God, is equally both God and man.

 He is God from the Father's substance, begotten before time; and He is man from His mother's substance, born in time.  Perfect God, perfect man composed of a human soul and human flesh,  equal to the Father in respect of His divinity, less than the Father in respect of His humanity.

 Who, although He is God and man, is nevertheless not two, but one Christ.  He is one, however, not by the transformation of His divinity into flesh, but by the taking up of His humanity into God;  one certainly not by confusion of substance, but by oneness of person.  For just as soul and flesh are one man, so God and man are one Christ.

 Who suffered for our salvation, descended to hell, rose from the dead,  ascended to heaven, sat down at the Father's right hand, from where He will come to judge the living and the dead;  at whose coming all men will rise again with their bodies, and will render an account of their deeds;  and those who have done good will go to eternal life, those who have done evil to eternal fire.

 This is the catholic faith. Unless a man believes it faithfully and steadfastly, he cannot be saved. Amen

 

The Definition of Chalcedon

We, then, following the holy Fathers, all with one consent, teach men to confess one and the same Son, our Lord Jesus Christ, the same perfect in Godhead and also perfect in manhood; truly God and truly man, of a reasonable soul and body; consubstantial with the Father according to the Godhead, and consubstantial with us according to the Manhood; in all things like unto us, without sin; begotten before all ages of the Father according to the Godhead, and in these latter days, for us and for our salvation, born of the Virgin Mary, the Mother of God, according to the Manhood; one and the same Christ, Son, Lord, Only-begotten, to be acknowledged in two natures, inconfusedly, unchangeably, indivisibly, inseparably; the distinction of natures being by no means taken away by the union, but rather the property of each nature being preserved, and concurring in one Person and one Subsistence, not parted or divided into two persons, but one and the same Son, and only begotten, God the Word, the Lord Jesus Christ, as the prophets from the beginning have declared concerning him, and the Lord Jesus Christ himself has taught us, and the Creed of the holy Fathers has handed down to us.